Restructuring Costs (2026)
Visibility on the global economy is currently declining, given geopolitical uncertainties and their impact on energy prices, the short‑ and medium‑term consequences of the development of artificial intelligence, the massive industrial disruptions associated with the energy transition, and—more particularly in Europe—the persistent lack of growth. The probability of a crisis in the near term is high, and companies are anticipating it by reducing costs.
This article is a republication of a 2008 article written on the eve of the 2008–2009 crisis. The dates and some of the data have been updated to reflect the current context.